Series Circuit Part 1

Series Circuit

Electric Circuit

An Electric circuit may be defined as interconnection of one or more electronic components in such a way that the provide some use full output.

It is important that circuit should be complete in order to current to flow. If the wires or any other component is not connected properly , the current will not flow . In below example , we have two circuits. In first case the components are joined properly , so the bulb is glowing, how ever in second case , the wires are not connected properly, so the bulb does not glow

Figure 1 Current Flow and Bulb turns to yellow

Figure 2 Circuit not connected properly and hence cureent can not flow,

Before trying to understand series circuit, we need to  understand few concepts.

Node

Node is a point , where two or more components , wires meet. It is to be noticed that current entering a node is always equal to current leaving a node ,

In this example three wires are connected a node. The object to be noticed is that , 3 Ampere current was entering the node , and 3 ampere current left the

Lets do another example to understand this concept

Example 1

Figure 3 Example 1

So here we have a node where current is entering and leaving few nodes, as already discussed that ,

Current Entering a node = Current leaving a node…. Eq 1

So lets calculate Current Entering a Node and than Leaving a Node

Current Entering A node

15 A + 2 A =17 Amp …..Eq 2

Current Leaving A node

12 A + 4 Amp + “x”=16A + x ….Eq 3

Where x is unknown quantity

Putting the value of Eq 2 and # in Equation 1

Current Entering a node = Current leaving a node

17 A= 16A = x

X=1 A

Terminals

In electrical circuit terminal is a point of a particular element having zero resistance , and is use to connect the components with other components

For Example resistor is a two terminal passive device . In this example the terminal are being represented by A and B

In the below example A is the common terminal between point A and B

Circuit configuration

Components in circuits can be connected in three ways

1. Series

2. Parallel

3. Series Parallel Combination

In this lecture we are interested in series circuits

Series Circuit

Although series circuit can be understood in many definition , but as far as my experience is concerned following definition remained best

Two components are said to be in series if they share one single terminal .

Here is one more example of series circuit . Here in picture , you can see that all components are in series

image0071

Question 1   Determine if circuit is series or parallel

The circuit is parallel because you notice that terminal A and B are being shared by three components

Question 2 : State the below , why the below circuit is series or parallel

Q3. State the below Circuit is Series or Parallel